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In order to facilitate interoperability of railway rolling stock within Europe, railway rolling stock is constructed to meet the performances specified in several EN standards. The EN 45545 suite describes these requirements, and EN 45545-2 lists all the fire performance requirements and test methods that products must meet to be used in various rolling stock applications — covering structural products including flooring, seats, cables and non-listed items.

Almost all the fire tests used were developed by other specialist fire test committees. The performance of all products is determined with respect to flame spread and the amounts of heat, smoke and toxic fumes produced.

Fire tests for railway

12 matching test methods. Each card opens the full test method page.

EN ISO 11925-2

Ignitability — Single Flame Source Test

Determines the ignitability of building products in the vertical orientation when subjected to impingement of a standard small flame.

Measures:
Ignitability · Flame spread (Fs) · Flaming droplets/particles
Markets:
Construction Products · Railway · Marine
Related classification:
EN 13501-1 · EN 45545-2 · IMO FTP Code
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EN ISO 9239-1

Flooring Radiant Panel Test — FRP

Measures the critical radiant flux of horizontally mounted floor covering systems exposed to a flaming ignition source in a graded radiant heat environment.

Measures:
Critical radiant flux · Smoke production
Markets:
Construction Products · Railway
Related classification:
EN 13501-1 · EN 45545-2
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EN IEC 60332-3-10 · EN IEC 60332-3-24

Vertical Flame Spread of Bunched Cables

Assesses vertical flame spread of vertically mounted bunched wires or cables, electrical or optical, under defined conditions.

Measures:
Vertical flame spread
Markets:
Electric Cables · Railway
Related classification:
EN 45545-2
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NF X 70-100

Toxicity Test — Tube Furnace

Tube furnace toxicity test used to determine the Conventional Index of Toxicity (CIT) for non-listed railway products.

Measures:
Conventional Index of Toxicity (CIT) · Toxic gas concentrations
Markets:
Railway
Related classification:
EN 45545-2
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ISO 5658-2

Lateral Spread of Flame Test

Measures the lateral spread of flame along the surface of a vertically orientated specimen subject to radiated heat in the presence of a pilot flame.

Measures:
Lateral flame spread · Critical heat flux at extinguishment
Markets:
Railway · Marine
Related classification:
EN 45545-2 · IMO FTP Code
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ISO 5660-1 · ASTM E1354

Cone Calorimeter

The most significant bench-scale instrument in fire testing — measures heat release, smoke production and mass loss under preset fire conditions.

Measures:
Heat release rate · Time to ignition · Mass loss rate · Smoke production rate
Markets:
Railway · Marine · Plastics
Related classification:
EN 45545-2
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BS EN ISO 5659-2 · ASTM E662

Smoke Density Chamber

Determines the specific optical density of smoke generated by solid materials and assemblies in a closed chamber.

Measures:
Specific optical density of smoke
Markets:
Railway · Plastics · Marine · Aviation
Related classification:
EN 45545-2 · IMO FTP Code
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ISO 19702 · EN 17084

FTIR Toxic Gas Analysis — FTIR

Fourier-transform infrared analysis of toxic fire effluents — the method chosen by ISO, EN and IMO committees for measuring toxic species.

Measures:
CO · CO₂ · HCN · SO₂
Markets:
Railway · Marine
Related classification:
EN 45545-2 · IMO FTP Code
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BS EN ISO 4589-2 · ASTM D2863

Oxygen Index — OI

Measures the minimum percentage of oxygen in a test atmosphere required to marginally support combustion.

Measures:
Oxygen index (%)
Markets:
Plastics · Railway
Related classification:
EN 45545-2
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ISO 9705-2

Furniture Calorimeter

Full-scale calorimetry of complete seat assemblies, used to determine MARHE according to EN 45545-2.

Measures:
MARHE (Maximum Average Rate of Heat Emission) · Heat release rate
Markets:
Railway
Related classification:
EN 45545-2
View test method

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